Academic & Crossref DOI Search

Abstract: This paper includes research regarding the historical aspect of Affirmative Action and it's intended purpose. It explores ideas around political propaganda and social movements, designed to change its original purpose and cultural benefit, to bring a sense of racial equity and inclusion in the economic sector for ethnic minorities particularly African Americans.

Abstract: This chapter (1) offers a definition of affirmative action; (2) presents a typology of affirmative action policies; (3) and distinguishes between different kinds of justifications for affirmative action. These are all three useful points. Often when people seemingly disagree about the justifiability of affirmative action, they define it differently; have different kinds in mind even though they define affirmative action in the same way; or have different kinds of justifications of affirmative action in mind, even though they define it in the same way and have the same kinds in mind. Moreover, if we do not know what affirmative action is, we are not in a position to say which non-moral properties it has. If so, we cannot tell whether it is morally justified per se, since presumably if affirmative action per se is (un)justified, it is (un)justified in virtue of non-moral properties that it has by way of definition. The chapter concludes with a thumbnail sketch of the rest of the book.